|
| predecessor2 = The Earl of Southampton | successor2 = The Lord Paget | order3 = | office3 = Lord High Admiral | term_start3 = 1540 | term_end3 = 1542 | monarch3 = Henry VIII | chancellor3 = Sir Thomas Audley | predecessor3 = The Earl of Southampton | successor3 = The Earl of Hertford | order4 = | office4 = Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall | term_start4 = 1552 | term_end4 = 1554 | monarch4 = Edward VI Mary I | predecessor4 = ''Unknown'' | successor4 = The Earl of Bath | order5 = | office5 = Lord Lieutenant of Devon | term_start5 = 1552 | term_end5 = 1555 | monarch5 = Edward VI Mary I | predecessor5 = ''Unknown'' | successor5 = The Earl of Bath | order6 = | office6 = Lord Lieutenant of Dorset | term_start6 = 1552 | term_end6 = 1555 | monarch6 = Edward VI Mary I | predecessor6 = ''Unknown'' | successor6 = The Earl of Bath | order7 = | office7 = Lord Lieutenant of Somerset | term_start7 = 1552 | term_end7 = 1555 | monarch7 = Edward VI Mary I | predecessor7 = ''Unknown'' | successor7 = ''Vacant'' The Earl of Pembroke | order8 = | office8 = High Sheriff of Somerset and Dorset | term_start8 = 1527 | term_end8 = 1527 | monarch8 = Henry VIII | predecessor8 = John Seymour | successor8 = Sir Andrew Luttrell | order9 = | office9 = Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire | term_start9 = 9 August 1529 | term_end9 = 14 April 1536 | alongside9 = Sir Andrew Windsor Sir Francis Bryan ''(from 1532)'' | monarch9 = Henry VIII | chancellor9 = Sir Thomas More (1529-1532) Sir Thomas Audley (1532-1536) | predecessor9 = ''Unknown'' | successor9 = ''Unknown'' | birth_name = John Russell | birth_date = c. 1485 | birth_place = Berwick-by-Swyre, Dorset | death_date = | death_place = | resting_place = Bedford Chapel, St Michael's Church, Chenies, Buckinghamshire | resting_place_coordinates = | nationality = English | spouse = Anne Sapcote | relations = John Russell, 1st Earl Russell Bertrand Russell Winston Churchill ''(distant descendants)'' | children = Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford | parents = James Russell (father) Alice Wise (mother) | residence = Chenies Manor House, Chenies, Buckinghamshire | education = | awards = Knight of the Order of the Garter Privy Counsellor Several Life peerages | signature = | module = }} John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (c. 1485 – 14 March 1554/1555) was an English royal minister in the Tudor era. He served variously as Lord High Admiral and Lord Privy Seal. Among the lands and property he was given by Henry VIII after the Dissolution of the Monasteries, were the Abbey and town of Tavistock, and the area that is now Covent Garden.〔 Russell is the ancestor of all subsequent Earls and Dukes of Bedford and Earls Russell, including John Russell, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and philosopher Bertrand Russell. ==Origins== John Russell was born ca. 1485 probably at Berwick-by-Swyre, Dorset, the son of James Russell (d. Nov. 1505)〔James died in Nov. 1505, shortly after his father John, both in 1505, according to Scott Thomson, p. 108; ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Vol. 48, p. 278, gives James's date of death as between Dec. 1505 and Feb. 1506〕 and his first wife Alice Wise, daughter of Thomas Wise of Sidenham, near Tavistock, Devon.〔Scott Thomson, 1930, pp. 110–111〕 James's father was possibly William Russell, but more likely his brother John Russell (d. pre November, 1505) by his wife Alice Froxmere, daughter of John Froxmere of Droitwich, Worcs.〔Scott Thomson, 1930, pp. 102–3〕 John was the son of Henry Russell (d. 1463/4), and Elizabeth Herring, daughter of John Herring of Chaldon Herring. Henry, great-grandfather of the 1st Earl, was a substantial wine merchant and shipper, who represented Weymouth in the House of Commons four times.〔Scott Thomson, 1930, p. 36〕 The Russell pedigree can only be traced back with certainty to Henry Russell's father, Stephen Russell, the evidence being contained in a deed of April 1440〔''Municipal Records of the Borough of Dorchester'', ed. C. H. Mayo, Exeter: W. Pollard, 1908; no. 517.〕 in which Henry Russell made over to his daughter Christina and her husband Walter Cheverell of Chauntemarle, a tenement in Dorchester to be held of himself and his heirs upon rent of a red rose. In the deed Henry referred to himself as ''son and heir of Stephen Russell and of Alice his wife''.〔Scott Thomson, 1930, p. 37〕 This Alice appears to have been the heir general of the De la Tour family,〔Scott Thomson, 1930, p. 39〕 which had long owned Berwick-by-Swyre, and by whom therefore the manor was brought into the Russell family. Both Henry and Stephen were referred to as ''Gascoigne'' as well as ''Russell'', possibly due to their wine trade with France, as in a 1442 pardon under the Privy Seal referring to ''Henry Russell of Weymouth, merchant,'' alias ''Henry Gascoign, gentleman''.〔''Classic Encyclopedia'', based on 1911 ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (11th. ed) "Russell (Family)"; Scott Thomson, p. 58〕 It was long believed in the noble Russell family, certainly by the 2nd Earl of Bedford, that the family was descended from the ancient family of Russell of Kingston Russell in Dorset, three miles northeast of Berwick, which descent was declared unproven by Gladys Scott Thomson in her ''Two Centuries of Family History'', London, 1930, an exhaustive and scholarly work on the early pedigree of the Earls of Bedford. (''For a disambiguation of the Bedford Russells and the Russells of Kingston Russell, see'' Kingston Russell) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|